Leukoderma, also known as vitiligo, is a chronic skin disease characterised by the loss of skin pigmentation, resulting in white patches on various parts of the body. This condition occurs when the melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing skin pigment, are destroyed. Due to its visible nature, leukoderma affects people of all ages and can have a significant psychological impact.
Leukoderma Causes
- Autoimmune response where the immune system attacks the melanocytes
- Genetic predisposition with a family history of leukoderma
- Environmental factors such as exposure to industrial chemicals
- Severe sunburn or skin trauma that may trigger the condition
- Oxidative stress leading to the destruction of melanocytes
- Neurogenic factors involving the release of toxic substances from nerve endings in the skin
Symptoms of Leukoderma
- White patches on the skin, particularly on sun-exposed areas such as the face, hands, arms, feet, and lips
- Premature whitening or greying of the hair on the scalp, eyelashes, eyebrows, or beard
- Loss of color in the tissues that line the inside of the mouth and nose (mucous membranes)
- Weight loss: If you’re losing weight unintentionally, it could be due to a hidden ulcer.
- Change or loss of color in the retina (inner layer of the eyeball)
- Patches of skin that have lost their pigment and appear milky-white
Leukoderma Causes
- Increased risk of sunburn in the depigmented areas due to lack of melanin
- Psychological distress, including low self-esteem, depression, and anxiety
- Social stigma and embarrassment due to the visible nature of the disease
- Potential development of hearing problems or changes in vision
- Skin cancer risk in the long term due to lack of protective pigment